Emulation of grid-forming inverters using real-time PC and 4-quadrant voltage amplifier

Abstract A test bed for the evaluation of novel control methods inverters renewable power generation is presented. The behavior grid-following and grid-forming in a scenario studied compared. Using real-time capable platform with cycle time 50 µs, developed Matlab/Simulink can be implemented. For simplicity, three-phase 4‑quadrant voltage amplifier used instead an inverter. Thus, use modulation switched semiconductors avoided. In order to show realistic grid-side filter, passive components automatically connected as L‑, LC- or LCL-filter. has nominal active 43.6 kW 400 V. As state-of-the-art method, current d/q-system implemented bed. virtual synchronous machine, Synchronverter, method. combination frequency-variable grid emulation, both event load connection island environment.